The third world countries are mostly agricultural countries. 80% of the population lives in the rural areas and is dependent on agriculture and other related activities for their livelihood.
Most of the these countries are still developing and lack basic facilities like housing, education, transportation, communication, health, industrialization, and so on. They are far behind other developed nations and will take several years to catch up with them. These countries not only have to develop their rural sector but also their urban sector. 80% of the land is under cultivation. So developing the rural sector is a difficult task. It will take years for these nations to develop the rural areas. Hence many countries prefer to give priority to the development of urban areas. They shift the focus to sectors like industrialization, communication, transportation, science and technology, and so on, in order to speed up progress.
In the advanced countries the ratio is the reverse. Three fourths of the population lives in the urban areas. Agriculture in these countries is highly mechanized and
less manpower is required. The farmers are rich and live in well-furnished homes. The villages have all the amenities like transportation, communication, education, entertainment, health, research and so on. Even in these developed countries migration of people takes place although at a much slower rate.
Technology and agriculture should develop side by side. The government should develop the infrastructure by developing the industrial base. This will generate more funds for the government as well as create more job opportunities for the people in the urban areas.
The advanced countries give financial aid to these developing countries for development. But they should give aid unconditionally. They should allow the governments of the developing countries to spend the funds according to their requirements and priorities. They should not insist upon these countries as to how they should spend their funds.
36) Should wealthy nations be required to share their wealth among poorer nations for providing such as food and education? Or is it the responsibility for the governments of poorer nations to look after citizens themselves?
Science and technology is progressing very fast and many countries of the world have achieved remarkable progress. There are still many countries that are underdeveloped, backward and poor economy of these countries is still based on agriculture, and they still adopt outdated methods of cultivation.
The governments of these nations should no doubt shoulder the responsibility of leading their nation on the path of progress. They have to find out ways of raising funds for development activities. They may exploit the natural resources and must make intelligent use of funds. Proper and wise planning is recommended. They must ultimately aim for self-reliance.
But progress is not easy. The nations have to depend on developed countries for aid and help for other nations. Aid from other countries form a major source of revenue. Without this help no major progress would be possible. These countries would remain underdeveloped and backward. The economic progress would be slow.
Organizations like the World Bank, UNO and International Monetary Funds give financial aid to the underdeveloped nations. The advanced nations too give aid in all forms like education, health, food and so on to developing nations.
If the developed nations don’t give and they will only direct the funds to space applications or arm race. Poor nations on the other hand have limited resources. Hence it becomes the moral duty of the developed nations to assist the poor and developing nations.
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